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Question 21 pts Which one of the following statements about the nucleus of an atom is CORRECT? Group of answer choices The nucleus contains all protons and electrons. The nucleus is neutral because it contains only neutrons. The nucleus is negatively charged because of the presence of electrons. The nucleus accounts for a large proportion of the total mass of an atom. Flag question: Question 3Question 31 pts The name of the element occupying Group 6A and Period 3 of the Periodic Table is: Group of answer choices Oxygen Calcium Sulphur Phosphorus Flag question: Question 4Question 41 pts Which one of the following is a correct classification for an atom with 15 protons and 17 neutrons? Group of answer choices Metal Nonmetal Noble gas Transition element Flag question: Question 5Question 51 pts An atom of an element has a mass number (A) of 34 and an atomic number (Z) of 16. How many neutrons does this element have? Group of answer choices 50 34 18 16 Flag question: Question 6Question 61 pts What is the mass number of an atom with 17 protons, 17 electrons and 20 neutrons? Group of answer choices 17 20 37 54 Flag question: Question 7Question 71 pts An element has an electron arrangement of 2-8-7. What is the name of the element? Group of answer choices Chlorine Phosphorus Nitrogen Magnesium Flag question: Question 8Question 81 pts Magnesium has three stable isotopes. These isotopes differ from each other in the: Group of answer choices Number of protons present Number of neutrons present Number of electrons present Magnitude of the charge on the nucleus Flag question: Question 9Question 91 pts What is the formula of the ion that has 16 protons and 18 electrons? Group of answer choices S2- Ar2+ Cl- S2+ Flag question: Question 10Question 101 pts Which of the following ions is INCORRECT? Group of answer choices Na+ Ca2+ F- P2- Flag question: Question 11Question 111 pts How many protons and electrons does a magnesium cation (Mg2+) have? Group of answer choices 12 protons and 10 electrons 12 protons and 12 electrons 12 protons and 14 electrons 10 protons and 12 electrons Flag question: Question 12Question 121 pts Which one of the following is a covalent compound? Group of answer choices CH4 CaF2 MgO Na2S Flag question: Question 13Question 131 pts The correct chemical formula for the ionic compound containing Na+ and O2- ions would be: Group of answer choices NaO NaO2 Na2O Na3O2 Flag question: Question 14Question 141 pts What is the correct name for the ionic compound with the chemical structure, CaCl2? Group of answer choices Calcium chloride Calcium dichloride Calcium chlorine Calcium dichlorine Flag question: Question 15Question 151 pts Which of the following statements about human cells is INCORRECT: Group of answer choices The cell is enclosed by a cell membrane containing cellulose The cell contains membranous and non-membranous organelles The cytoskeleton provides the structural integrity of the cell The cell membrane compartmentalises the cell from its surroundings Flag question: Question 16Question 161 pts The cytoplasm contains the fluid cytosol and the: Group of answer choices Organelles Nucleolus Enzymes Microvilli Flag question: Question 17Question 171 pts All of the intracellular structures found suspended in the cytoplasm of human cells are collectively known as: Group of answer choices The organelles The cytoplasmelles The cytosol Nuclei Flag question: Question 18Question 181 pts Membranous organelles differ from non-membranous organelles in that they are: Group of answer choices Always in direct contact with the cytosol Isolated from the cytosol by membranes Always found close to the nucleus Not essential for normal cell functioning Flag question: Question 19Question 191 pts Which of the following cell organelles contains cisternae? Cytoskeleton Endoplasmic reticulum Nucleus Mitochondria Flag question: Question 20Question 201 pts Microtubules: Group of answer choices Are the largest of the structural elements found in the cytoskeleton Contain the protein tubulin Extend outward into the periphery of the cell from a region called the centrosome All of the above are correct Flag question: Question 21Question 211 pts The cytoskeleton of a cell: Group of answer choices Contains enzymes involved in cellular respiration Organises the cell providing anchorage for the cell organelles Includes the lysosomes and peroxisomes Is comprised of cytocell fibres Flag question: Question 22Question 221 pts Smooth endoplasmic reticulum differs to rough endoplasmic reticulum because its membranes are not covered in: Group of answer choices Mitochondria Ribosomes Lysosomes Peroxisomes Flag question: Question 23Question 231 pts Approximately 95 percent of the energy needed to keep a cell alive is generated by the activity of the: Group of answer choices Ribosomes Nucleus Endoplasmic reticulum Mitochondria Flag question: Question 24Question 241 pts Which one of the following statements about peroxisomes is INCORRECT? Group of answer choices They break down fatty acids and other organic compounds. They produce hydrogen peroxide as a by-product. They are the site for making ATP for energy. They are involved in detoxification. Flag question: Question 25Question 251 pts Which of the following statements about the Golgi apparatus is INCORRECT? Group of answer choices The cis face is for responsible for receiving vesicles from the endoplasmic reticulum. The main functions of this organelle are synthesis, modification, and detoxification. This organelle is extensive in cells specialised for secretion. Vesicles destined for secretion leave this organelle via the trans face. Flag question: Question 26Question 261 pts Which one of the following statements about the structure and function of the nucleus is CORRECT? Group of answer choices The nucleus contains a nuclear envelope, which consists of a single membrane. The nuclear envelope completely separates the nucleus from the cytosol. The cell’s genetic material (DNA) is located in the nucleoli. The nucleoli are involved in making the ribosomes. Flag question: Question 27Question 271 pts Referring to Figure 1, what is the predicted height of a healthy male who is 360 months old? Group of answer choices 2.5 m. This is a faulty prediction as we are extrapolating beyond measured data. 1.8 m. This is a reasonable prediction as we are interpolating from between measured data. 2.5 m. This is a reasonable prediction as we are interpolating from between measured data. 1.8 m beats/min. This is a faulty prediction as we are extrapolating beyond measured data. Flag question: Question 28Question 281 pts Which one of the following statements about cell membranes is FALSE? Group of answer choices The carbohydrate layer, which consists of the molecules glycolipids and glycoproteins, is found on the outside surface (extracellular side) of the cell membrane. Cholesterol molecules are embedded between phospholipid molecules, and they function to moderate membrane fluidity. Peripheral proteins are found firmly embedded inside the cell membrane. Integral proteins can act as channels for ions and small molecules such as glucose. Flag question: Question 29Question 291 pts Phospholipids arrange themselves into a bilayer in cell membranes because they are molecules that: Group of answer choices Are completely hydrophobic Are completely hydrophilic Have a hydrophobic head and two long hydrophilic tails Have a hydrophilic head and two long hydrophobic tails Flag question: Question 30Question 301 pts Which process would be involved in moving a glucose molecule across the cell membrane down a concentration gradient via a special carrier protein? Group of answer choices Facilitated diffusion Active transport Osmosis Endocytosis Flag question: Question 31Question 311 pts Interphase: Group of answer choices Is the stage in the cell cycle that occurs between mitosis and cytokinesis Includes mitosis and cytokinesis Includes the G0 phase, mitosis and cytokinesis Includes the G1, S and G2 phases Flag question: Question 32Question 321 pts The notable characteristic of the G0 phase during the cell life cycle is that: Group of answer choices The cell is manufacturing cell organelles in preparation for cell division The cell duplicates its chromosomes The cell is not preparing for mitosis The cell undertakes centriole replication Flag question: Question 33Question 331 pts Which four macromolecules are considered to be the building blocks of life? Group of answer choices Carbohydrates, nucleic acids, lipids, amino acids Carbohydrates, nucleic acids, lipids, proteins Monosaccharides, nucleotides, fatty acids, amino acids Carbohydrates, nucleotides, lipids, proteins Flag question: Question 34Question 341 pts Which of the following statements about adenosine triphosphate is INCORRECT Group of answer choices Within the cell, this molecule is a renewable resource that can be regenerated by the addition of phosphate. This molecule is produced within cells in the mitochondria and drives cellular reactions by coupling exergonic reactions to endergonic reactions. This molecule transports chemical energy, stored in phosphate bonds, within cells. Hydrolysis of the adenosine component of this molecule results in the release of energy, which is used for cellular metabolism. Flag question: Question 35Question 351 pts The type of tissue that is specialised for contraction and is, therefore, responsible for movement is: Group of answer choices Connective tissue Muscle tissue Nervous tissue Epithelial tissue Flag question: Question 36Question 361 pts Stratified epithelium is usually found in areas where: Group of answer choices Secretion and absorption occur Mechanical or chemical stresses occur Padding and elasticity are necessary All of the above are correct Flag question: Question 37Question 371 pts Which statement best describes connective tissue? Group of answer choices Usually contains a large amount of matrix Always arranged in a single layer of cells Primarily concerned with secretion and absorption Usually lines a body cavity Flag question: Question 38Question 381 pts The three classes of connective tissue based on structure and function are: Group of answer choices Fluid, supporting and proper Adipose, cartilage and bone Cartilage, bone and blood Loose, dense and elastic Flag question: Question 39Question 391 pts The three types of fibres found in connective tissue are: Group of answer choices Tendons, ligaments and elastic ligaments Collagen, elastic and reticular Cartilage, bone and collagen Loose, dense and irregular Flag question: Question 40Question 401 pts Blood is classified as a type of connective tissue. The matrix of blood is referred to as: Group of answer choices Ground substance Plasma Formed elements Fibrin Flag question: Question 41Question 411 pts Each of the following is an example of dense connective tissue EXCEPT: Group of answer choices Tendons Elastic tissue Ligaments Adipose tissue Flag question: Question 42Question 421 pts _______ attach skeletal muscles to bone, and _______ connect one bone to another. (Complete this sentence). Group of answer choices Ligaments; tendons Tendons; ligaments Ligaments; elastic tissue Elastic tissue; tendons Flag question: Question 43Question 431 pts The cells found in the matrix of cartilage are called: Group of answer choices Platelets Osteocytes Adipocytes Chondrocytes Flag question: Question 44Question 441 pts Which one of the following statements about cardiac muscle fibres is CORRECT? Group of answer choices Cardiac muscle fibres are short, branched cells with striations, a single nucleus and joined by intercalated discs. Cardiac muscle fibres are long, cylindrical cells that are striated and contain many nuclei. Cardiac muscle fibres are devoid of striations, spindle-shaped with a single nucleus. Cardiac muscle fibres are short, cylindrical cells devoid of striations and with a single nucleus. Flag question: Question 45Question 451 pts Neural tissue consists of: Group of answer choices Neuroglia that conduct electrical signals and neurons that carry out various support functions Neuroglia that contract and neurons that carry out various support functions Neurons that conduct electrical signals and neuroglia that carry out various support functions Neurons that contract and neuroglia that carry out various support functions Flag question: Question 46Question 461 pts Different chemical compounds have different boiling points, which relates to their chemical structures. Acetaldehyde has a boiling point of 20.8 degrees Celsius, Acetone has a boiling point of 56.3 degrees Celsius, ethyl acetate has a boiling point of 77.1 degrees Celsius and ethyl formate has a boiling point of 54 degrees Celsius. Based on the information provided, during the process of distillation, which of these compounds would be the first to distil? Group of answer choices Acetaldehyde Acetone Methanol Ethyl acetate Flag question: Question 47Question 471 pts In January 2022, there was approximately 20,566 new COVID-19 cases per day in Queensland. In February 2022, there was approximately 4,265 new cases of this disease per day in Queensland. What was the percent reduction in the approximate number of cases of COVID-19 in Queensland? (Round to the nearest whole percent). Group of answer choices 21% 79% 65% 50% Flag question: Question 48Question 481 pts Endothermic reactions: Group of answer choices Require heat, with the energy of the products being lower than the energy of the reactants. Release heat, with the energy of the products being lower than the energy of the reactants. Require heat, with the energy of the products being higher than the energy of the reactants. Release heat, with the energy of the products being higher than the energy of the reactants. Flag question: Question 49Question 491 pts Which of the following statements is correct when the magnification is increased? Group of answer choices The light intensity increases. The field of view increases. The working distance decreases. The working distance remains constant. Flag question: Question 50Question 501 pts The different stages of mitosis can be observed when viewing an animal blastocyst, stained with Toluidine blue, under 400X magnification. A cleavage furrow, formed from actin fibres, can be observed in which stage? Group of answer choices Telophase Anaphase Metaphase A cleavage furrow cannot be observed at this level of magnification Flag question: Question 51Question 511 pts Simple columnar epithelium cell, such as those from a section of the small intestine, viewed under 400X magnification, should be drawn: Group of answer choices Roughly as long as they are wide, with a nucleus located towards the basal surface, attached to basement membrane and an apical surface with microvilli, facing towards the lumen. Roughly as long as they are wide, with a centralised nucleus, clear basement membrane and apical surface with microvilli. Longer than they are wide, with a nucleus located towards the basal surface, attached to basement membrane and an apical surface with microvilli facing towards the lumen. Longer than they are wide, with a nucleus located towards the apical surface, attached to basement membrane and the basal surface with microvilli facing towards the lumen. Flag question: Question 52Question 523 pts A researcher was investigating the effect of temperature on enzymatic activity of a recently discovered enzyme found in the human liver. The researcher pre-incubated all reagents (enzyme and substrate) separately at each testing temperature for 10 minutes prior to the reaction test. The researcher used a fixed amount of substrate for each reaction. Following the addition of the enzyme the amount of product was measured every 10 seconds for 50 seconds. The experiment was repeated three times using new reagents (enzyme and substrate). A graph showing the amount of product formed at each testing temperature is shown below. Refer to Figure 1 to answer the question below. In your answer demonstrate your understanding of enzyme structure and function, and ensure you use correct terminology. Question: Referring to Figure 1, assess the amount of product formed after 20 seconds when the enzyme was incubated with substrate at 27ºC, compared to when it was incubated at 37ºC. Explain WHY there may be a difference in the amount of product formed. HINT: Has the rate of reaction changed? Why? Note: One mark per statement that explains this experimental outcome. View keyboard shortcuts pView keyboard shortcutsAccessibility Checker0 wordsSwitch to the html editorFullscreen Flag question: Question 53Question 531 pts An animal blastocyst is an early embryotic stage where the cells are actively dividing by mitosis. The chromosomes are easily observed through a compound light microscope once they start to condense. Using the provided micrograph, answer the following questions. Note: Please ensure you take care and spell all words correctly! Figure 1. White fish blastula in various stages of interphase or mitosis. a) Identify the stage of mitosis cell 1 is undergoing (circled in red) (1 word) b) Identify one important feature that justifies why you believe this cell is undergoing this phase of mitosis (2 words) Flag question: Question 54Question 542 pts Osmosis – Part A To understand the concept of osmosis, human red blood cells were immersed in varying concentrations of an unknown solution X in vitro to observe the possible effects that may occur to their structural shape due to the changes in cell volume. Using the images (A, B, C) and information provided, justify why these changes occur by answering the following questions; a) In osmosis, [ Select ] [“solutes”, “water”, “glucose”, “nothing”] diffuses across the cell membrane from an area of [ Select ] [“high solute concentration”, “low free water”, “high free water”] to an area of [ Select ] [“low free water”, “high free water”, “low solute concentration”] . The concentration of this molecule is inversely proportionate to the [ Select ] [“water”, “solutes”, “protein”, “glucose”] concentration. Flag question: Question 55Question 551 pts Osmosis – Part B b) The normal appearance of a red blood cell in an isotonic solution is shown in figure A. When placed in solution X, you observe the cells to have changed and these cells now appear as in Figure C. Describe the tonicity of solution X, relative to the tonicity inside the cells solution: (1 word) c) Using correct terminology, describe the appearance of the red blood cells in Figure B? (1 word) Flag question: Question 56Question 562 pts Tissues – Part A To appreciate the relationship between structure and function in human cells and tissues, the following image was prepared. Referring to the figure provided, answer the questions below. Note: Please ensure you take care and spell all words correctly! Each box requires only a one word response. a) Identify the cellular arrangement , shape and tissue type: b) Identify the structure on the apical surface of the cell Flag question: Question 57Question 571 pts Tissues – Part B To appreciate the relationship between structure and function in human cells and tissues, the following image was prepared. Referring to the figure provided, answer the questions below. In the trachea, this apical structure (circled above in red), functions to [ Select ] [“increase surface area”, “move oxygen and carbon dioxide”, “sweep fluids and foreign particles”, “”] ; [ Select ] [“to and from the lungs”, “away from the sterile environment of the lungs”, “to increase the rate of gas exchange at the lungs”] .

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