Practice Arterial Blood Explained for Students (Easy Guide)
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Original Question
Practice Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) Apply these steps to the questions below: Step 1: Is the pH high, low, or normal? If pH>7.4, write a B beside it for basic. If pH<7.4, write an A beside it for acidic. Make a note if the pH is within normal limits (7.35-7.45). Step 2: Is the PaCO2 high, low, or normal? If PaCO2 is between 35 and 45 mmHg, write an N beside it for normal. If PaCO2 >45 mmHg, write an A beside it for acidic. If PaCO2<35 mmHg, write a B beside it for basic. Step 3: Is the HCO3- high, low, or normal? If HCO3- is between 22 and 26, write an N beside it for normal. If HCO3- >26mEq/L, write a B beside it for basic. If HCO3- <22mEq/L, write an A beside it for acidic. Step 4: Look for patterns: Two As indicate acidosis. If one of the As is CO2, then the disorder is respiratory. If one of the As is HCO3-, then the disorder is metabolic. In both cases, the other A is the pH. Two Bs indicate alkalosis. If one of the Bs is CO2, then the disorder is respiratory. If one of the Bs is HCO3-, then the disorder is metabolic. In both cases, the other B is pH. Three As or Bs indicate a mixed disorder. All As indicate mixed respiratory and metabolic acidosis. All Bs indicate mixed respiratory and metabolic alkalosis. Step 5: Determine compensation: If the unpaired result is within the normal range, then the disturbance is uncompensated. If the unpaired result is the opposite letter of the pairs but the pH is still abnormal, then the disturbance is partially compensated. If the unpaired result is the opposite letter and the pH has returned to normal range, then the disturbance is fully compensated. Questions on page 245 of textbook: Apply the above steps to each scenario below to determine what your patient's situation is. You will conclude whether your patient has: metabolic or respiratory acidosis or alkalosis that is uncompensated or partially compensated or fully compensated pH 7.32 PaCO2 37 mmHg HCO3- 14 mEq/L pH 7.50 PaCO2 30 mmHg HCO3- 24 mEq/L pH 7.33 PaCO2 55 mmHg HCO3- 28 mEq/L pH 7.47 PaCO2 48 mmHg HCO3- 29 mEq/L pH 7.38 PaCO2 48 mmHg HCO3- 29 mEq/L pH 7.44 PaCO2 49 mmHg HCO3- 29 mEq/L pH 7.30 PaCO2 50 mmHg HCO3- 19 mEq/L pH 7.49 PaCO2 32 mmHg HCO3- 30 mEq/L
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