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Perceptual Disorders Lab Case 1 Sammi is a 5-year-old girl who has been diagnosed with otitis media. Would you expect her to have any hearing loss associated with this diagnosis? What would the audiogram look like? What do you think the long-term consequences might be if a child experiences recurring ear infections? What will she (perceptually) miss out? Case 2 Jon is an 8-year-old boy with a sensorineural hearing loss impacting frequencies above 2000 Hz. Consider the “speech banana” below, which sounds do you think will be difficult for Jon to hear? How will this impact his overall ability to perceive speech? How will his perception be influenced in both quiet and noisy environments? Matching Audiograms to Case Studies Match the audiograms in the picture bank to the corresponding case studies. When you submit your answer, provide only the letter of the audiogram underneath the case study. You do not need to copy and paste the picture but instead type the letter because it makes for easier grading. The keys below will be useful in understanding the audiograms and their symbols. Case 1: Presbycusis an age-related hearing loss. It usually affects the high frequencies more than the low frequencies. This audiogram shows the sounds have to be made louder before they are heard in the high frequencies. The general pattern is likely to be similar for all presbycusis hearing losses. A right-hand sloping hearing loss with the left and right ear usually deteriorating at similar rates. Audiogram: Case 2: The brackets on this audiogram indicate the masked bone conduction thresholds. This is tested by placing a headband behind the ear, which stimulates the cochlea directly without going through the middle ear. Meanwhile, white noise is played in the non-tested ear so the non-test ear does not hear the sounds presented in the test ear. If there is a gap between the bone conduction thresholds and the air conduction thresholds it indicates there may be a problem in the middle ear (the area between the ear drum and cochlea). This is called a conductive hearing loss. Middle ear problems have a variety of causes. In children this is most commonly cause by fluid in the middle ear. Audiogram: Case 3: When there is little to no difference between the air conduction and the bone conduction thresholds it indicates that the hearing loss is due to a problem in the cochlea. This is the most common type of hearing loss in adults and is known as a sensorineural hearing loss. Audiogram: Case 4: Noise induced hearing loss is where loud noise has caused damage to the cochlea. This most commonly occurs at 3KHz. Therefore, if a hearing loss is noise induced you would expect that the sounds have to be made louder before they are heard at 3KHz than at any other frequency. This leads to a dip or notch in the graph as seen in the corresponding audiogram. The frequencies around 3KHz may also be affected, but often to a lesser extent. Audiogram: Case 5: This audiogram shows an asymmetrical hearing loss. This means that the hearing perception profile is different in each ear (they have different thresholds). On this audiogram the left ear is mostly within normal limits, while the right ear has a moderately severe hearing loss across all frequencies Audiogram: Case 6: This audiogram shows a gap between the air conduction and the bone conduction thresholds in all frequencies, however the bone conduction thresholds still indicate a hearing loss as they are not within normal limits. This would suggest that there is a problem in both the cochlea and the middle ear, and is what is known as a mixed hearing loss. Audiogram: Audiogram Choices: Audiogram A: Audiogram B: Audiogram C: Audiogram D: Audiogram E: Audiogram F:

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