Patient Year Male Question & Answer Guide (With Explanation)
This question tests key academic concepts commonly covered in coursework.
What This Question Is About
This question relates to patient year male and requires a structured academic response.
How to Approach This Question
Start by identifying the main issue, then apply relevant academic frameworks.
Key Explanation
This topic involves patient year male. A strong answer should include explanation, application, and examples.
Original Question
The patient is a 65-year-old male who presented with a bulky supraglottic squamous cell carcinoma s/p awake tracheostomy. His information is as follows: • Staging: T3 N0 M0, stage III • Smoking: former smoker, 2ppd x 40 years, quit 2009 • Alcohol: quit 25 years ago • Patient underwent a direct laryngoscopy, and biopsy revealed a bulky epiglottic mass. The mass seems to replace the entire epiglottis, and the base of tongue seems to be uninvolved. The right arytenoid cartilage is involved, and medial surface and right pyriform sinus is edematous with no obvious mass. The laryngeal surface of epiglottis is also involved, and the left arytenoid cartilage is not clearly seen. Necrotic debris is completely filling left false vocal cord and left arytenoid areas. The left VC is not visible, and the right VC is visible and appears uninvolved. • Pathology: invasive, moderately differentiated squamous carcinoma with ulceration and necrosis • Imaging: PET CT scan revealed a supraglottic/glottic mass with cartilage invasion and mild metabolic activity in normal-sized bilateral level II lymph nodes • Diagnosis: pT3N0M0 supraglottic SCC, stage III • Plan: total laryngectomy, bilateral neck dissection, with pectoralis vs. free flap reconstruction What is the relevance of the T, N, and M stage in this patient’s biopsy-proven laryngeal cancer of the supraglottis? A. The T stage indicates time to diagnosis, the N stage indicates local metastasis to the lymph nodes in the neck, and the M indicates distant metastatic disease to other parts of the body. B. The T, N, and M stage all describe the pathology of the tumor. C. T, N, and M stage are rarely used in HNC. D. The T stage indicates tumor size and extension, which is based on the volume/size of the original (primary) tumor. The N and M stage indicate the extent the cancer has spread in the body locally (N = neck nodes or lymphadenopathy) or if the patient is found to have distant metastasis (M = metastasis to other/distant parts of the body).
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