Trying Describe Pharmacodynamics Assignment Help: How to Answer This Question

This question tests key academic concepts commonly covered in coursework.

What This Question Is About

This question relates to trying describe pharmacodynamics and requires a structured academic response.

How to Approach This Question

Start by identifying the main issue, then apply relevant academic frameworks.

Key Explanation

This topic involves trying describe pharmacodynamics. A strong answer should include explanation, application, and examples.

Original Question

I’m trying to describe the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of versed. I’m getting the two concepts intertwined. Can you help me separate the ideas. Here is the scenario I put forth and my answers…. For this Discussion, you reflect on a case from your past clinical experiences and consider how a patient’s pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes may alter his or her response to a drug. Reflect on your experiences, observations, and/or clinical practices from the last 5 years and think about how pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic factors altered his or her anticipated response to a drug. Consider factors that might have influenced the patient’s pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes, such as genetics (including pharmacogenetics), gender, ethnicity, age, behavior, and/or possible pathophysiological changes due to disease. Think about a personalized plan of care based on these influencing factors and patient history in your case study. Scenario: On a surgical oncology unit where I worked, I had an eight year old male patient who had been diagnosed with Osteosarcoma in his left proximal tibia. He was scheduled for removal of the tumor via a rotationplasty procedure. The surgery took seven hours to perform. He had a very quick and successful recover and was fitted with a prosthesis. Two days later he was to return to have an unexpected additional procedure done and it was felt that so soon after a major procedure and seven hours of anesthesia, he should not be anesthetized again, but only given versed and a local block. After the versed was given, he appeared to be sedated but just as the staff was preparing to start, he very quickly became agitated. This escalated to the point that he was standing naked on the surgical stretcher, pulling out any and all lines we had attached to him. At one point he kicked one of the nurses in the nose, sending her to the ER covered in her own blood. Staff was stationed around the bed to keep him safe and within 15 minutes he had calmed down and seemed basically unaware of what had transpired. Pharmacodynamics: Versed is a benzodiazepine which is used to sedate. It is an agonist that binds to the GABA-a receptor and inhibits its firing, causing symptoms such as sedation, bradycardia, vasodilation, and shallow respirations. When the neurotransmitter GABA is released from its neurons, it will bind to the GABA-A receptors on neurons in the limbic system causing chloride (CL-) channels to open leading to an influx of negative chloride ions into the cell, hyperpolarization, and inhibitory effects, resulting in a calming effect. It also has an amnesia effect so it is good to use for procedures. Pharmacokinetics: In this scenario the medication was absorbed into the body intravenously, although versed can be given in multiple forms including, oral, nasal, rectal, intramuscular, intrathecal and epidural. Because it was given IV, it is 100% bioavailable and the entire dose enters the circulation. The distribution in the body depends on the profusion in the body. The brain along with the heart, liver, and kidneys are highly perfused organs. I could assume that at this young child’s age his system is working quite well and his perfusion is stellar. On the other hand, I can speculate that after going through chemotherapy he has systemic damage from the chemotherapy agents and his system could be substantially compromised. It is metabolized by the liver into metabolites that have essentially no pharmacologic effects and are excreted for the most part in the urine. There is no exact mechanism known causing these paradoxical reactions but it is theorized that it either arises out of the inhibitory action of the benzodiazepine causing a loss of cortical restraint, leading to excitement (Moon, 2013). It is also thought it could possibly be due to the action of reduced serotonin neurotransmission which is known to precipitate aggressive behavior (Moon, 2013). Care Plan:

******CLICK ORDER NOW BELOW AND OUR WRITERS WILL WRITE AN ANSWER TO THIS ASSIGNMENT OR ANY OTHER ASSIGNMENT, DISCUSSION, ESSAY, HOMEWORK OR QUESTION YOU MAY HAVE. OUR PAPERS ARE PLAGIARISM FREE*******."