Muscular System Handoutpart Question & Answer Guide (With Explanation)

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Original Question

Muscular System HandoutPart 2 1.Disorders of the Muscular SystemTendonitis (tendin/o + -itis)-_________________________of the tendon caused by excessive or repetitive use of a joint 2_______________________(my/o + -algia)-Muscle tenderness or pain 3.Myorrhexis (my/o + -rrhexis)-___________________of the muscle 4.Dystaxia (dys-+ tax/o + ia)-Difficulty controlling ________________________movementContracture-Abnormal ______________________of the muscle tissue making the muscles resistant tostretching 5.Spasm (____________)-Sudden, involuntary contraction of a muscle or a group of muscles 6.Bradykinesia (brady + kinesi/o + ia)-Extreme _____________________in movement 7.___________________________ Gravis-Chronic autoimmune disease where there is difficulty in the neuromuscular function causing episodes of extreme muscle _________________________. Frequently affects the ___________________ that control eye movements, eyelids, chewing, swallowing, coughing and facial expression. What kind of problems could the patient have?? 8.Muscular Dystrophy (dys + trophy)-Group of disorders that cause muscle weakness ___________________ affecting the nervous system. Duchenne’s 9.Muscular Dystrophy-Form of muscular dystrophy that appears from ___________ yrs of age and progresses slowly. Survival beyond late twenties is ______________. 10._________________________________ (fibr/o + my/o + -algia)-Chronic disorder of unknown cause. Causes widespread aching pain, tender points, and fatigue. This syndrome does not cause joint deformity, is not a progressive illness, and is not crippling. 11.Tender points-Abnormal areas of _____________________. Usually in predictable locations at the base of the neck, along the spine, in front of the hip and elbow and behind the knee and shoulder. 12.Rotator Cuff tendinitis-Inflammation of the tendons of the ___________________ cuff. The condition is often named for the cause (tennis shoulder, pitcher’s shoulder). See figure 4.12, p. 72____________________ 13.Tunnel Syndrome-Occurs when the tendons passing through the carpal tunnel are chronically overused and become inflamed and swollen. Swelling creates _______________ on the nerve as it passes through the tunnel, causing pain, burning, and tingling in the fingers and hand. See figure 4.13, p. 73 14.Sprain-Injury to a __________________ (ex. -ankle, knee, wrist). Frequently involves a stretched or torn ligament.Ligaments attach ______ to bone. 15.________________ -Injury to the body of a muscle or the attachment of a tendon. Usually associated with overuse injuries.Tendons attach ________ to bone. 16.Shin Splint-Pain caused by muscle tearing away from the_______________. Usually caused by repeated stress to the lower leg. 17.Paralysis -Loss of sensation and ______________________ muscle movement due to disease or injury. Damage can be _________________________ or permanent 18.Paraplegia -Paralysis of __________ legs and the lower part of the body. Spinal cord injury is ________________ cervical vertebra. 19.Quadriplegia (quadr/i + -plegia) -Paralysis of all ______________ extremities. Spinal cord injury involves the cervical vertebra. Above C5, respiration is affected. 20.________________________ (hemi + -plegia)-Total paralysis on __________ side of the body. Usuallyassociated with a stroke or brain injury.Damage to one side of brain causes paralysis on the opposite side of the body. Diagnostic Procedures 21.Electromyography (electro-+ my/o + graphy) -Records the ___________________ of the muscle contractions as a result of electrical stimulation. 22.Deep Tendon Reflexes -Reflexes are tested with a reflex __________________ to strike the tendon. No response or an __________________ response may indicate a disruption of the nerve supply to the involved muscles. Treatments / Procedures 23.____________________________ -Anti-inflammatory medications (Advil, Motrin) are commonly used to relieve pain and reduce inflammation muscular problems. 24.Physical _______________________-May be used to restore function through the use of exercise, heat, massage, etc… to improve circulation, flexibility and muscle strength.Career OpportunitiesPhysical 25.Therapist-Provide treatments to improve __________________ and prevent or limit permanent disability; can subspecializein sports medicine, pediatrics, geriatrics, etc… 26.______________________ Therapist-therapeutic touch to provide pain relief and encourage healing.Occupational 27.Therapist-Treats people with mental, physical, developmental and emotional disabilities helping them to develop or ___________________ daily living skills. 28.Athletic _________________ -Work to prevent and treat athletic injuries and provide rehabilitative services by massage, corrective exercises, diet supervision, and _________________________ fittings

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