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Get Answer: Review Following Case Question Guide

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Original Question

3. Review the following case studies and underline if you think it is either an Acute or Chronic wound. Acute Chronic Sam had a motor bike accident 72 hours ago and sustained a leg wound that required stitches, there is serous discharge coming from the wound. 6 weeks later Sam’s leg wound has an area where there is thick yellowish drainage into the dressing John is 66-years-old and has been a widower for 6 year. His neighbour has noticed that John has had no appetite, has lost weight, and has had a meaningful decline in function. She visits more frequently, bringing meals and trying to encourage him to eat. On her most recent visits she has noticed a foul odour in John’s home. He attributes it to his poor housekeeping and hygiene. She perceives the odour in his home to be fouler and notices that the front of his shirt over his abdomen is damp. She is very worried and after a lot of coaxing she convinces John to go to the hospital, and calls an ambulance. An abdominal examination reveals an extensive open wound with copious discharge and a foul odour, which has permeated the whole area. The wound extends from about the midline of his abdomen to his left flank, measuring 22 cm by 16 cm. a biopsy of the wound is performed and confirms a malignant squamous cell carcinoma. A 55-year-old woman was admitted to the surgical ward for exploration of a persistent sinus on the lower left leg. An ultrasound examination showed a cavity suspected to be an abscess, which was then explored and drained Mrs Brown is a 65-year-old lady who is a diabetic with peripheral neuropathy. 8 weeks ago, she sustained a scape on her left leg while weeding some dense bush in her backyard. She treated it herself but it is not healing and has gotten bigger and begun to ulcerate with some parts turning dark brown. Finally, she went to her GP and he admitted her to hospital where she was facing cleaning and debridement of the wound which was diagnosed as a diabetic neuropathic ulcer. A 65-year-old gentleman was operated with abdominoperineal rectal excision and a sigmoid ostomy. Ten days later total wound dehiscence and evisceration (bowel contents protruding through the abdominal wall). Abdomen had to be left open collecting small bowel contents in a specially designed fistula bag. The patient went home with ongoing wound dressings over a period of 3 months. 4a. Jack Sparrow has a surgical wound with a Jackson Pratt drain. Which of the following are correct in regards to management of Jack’s drain (Tick 4 correct answers) Check for infection Maintain bulb patency as per Drs Orders Immediately remove if you think it is blocked Adhere to facility policy and procedures when caring for a Jackson Pratt Drain Document the amount of drainage No need to check the connections as this is a closed system 4b. Mr Jones who has a history of chronic venous disease and leg ulcers has returned from theatre after hip surgery and is fitted with elastic compression stockings (TED) and sequential compression device (SCDs). Which of the following 2 points are NOT true when it comes to the management techniques of compression devices? The stockings are not to be rolled down, cut or otherwise altered Thigh-length stockings prevent proximal VTE better than knee-length stockings SCDs are not worn when a patient has an active VTE because of the risk of PE If the stockings are not fitted and worn correctly, venous return is impeded SCDs will still be effective if they are not applied correctly They apply external pressure to the lower extremities by means of an electric pump TED stockings are a part of VTE prevention in hospitalised patients SCDs are inflatable garments wrapped around the arms 5b. Visceral wounds often involve the internal organs of the body, specifically those within the chest (heart, lungs) or abdomen (as the liver, pancreas or intestines). Often injury is by gunshot or stabbing. Steven was involved in a fight late at night where he was stabbed and sustained a deep penetrating abdominal wound. He was transferred to the emergency department where he underwent a laparotomy to discover the extent of damage and a temporary closure to part of his wound was made with a vacuum dressing. He was to have further surgery once stable. Which of the following may NOT be included as wound management strategies for visceral wounds? Pain control Keep wound area clean Daily wound dressing change Watch for bleeding 3. As stated in the case study Maggie had a wound specimen taken. Which of the following are correct in regards to obtaining a wound specimen and interpreting laboratory results (Tick 4 correct answers) Always collect a wound culture sample from viable granulation tissue near the centre of the wound that has just been cleansed or irrigated with 0.9% sodium chloride solution. Evaluation findings and laboratory results must be communicated to the clinical team leader per the organization’s practicecorrect Cleanse the wound and surrounding skin with 0.9% sodium chloride solution from the most to least contaminated area. If there is more than one wound, obtain only one culture from each wound. Perform hand hygiene and change gloves between wounds.correct Determine when a dressing change is scheduled. If possible, plan the specimen collection and wound evaluation during the next scheduled dressing change. 1c. Tick true or false for the following in regards to the bodies defence mechanisms against wound infections True False The body has normal defenses against infection. Each organ system has defense mechanisms to protect against exposure of infectious microorganisms. Normal flora, body system defences and inflammation are non-specific defences that protect against microorganisms, regardless of previous exposure. Separate cells and molecules of the immune system don’t help the body resist disease. Immune-system responses are either pathogen-specific or non-pathogen-specific defenses. If any of the body’s defenses fail, an infection can quickly progress into a serious health problem.

 
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