Paramedic Health Care Question & Answer Guide (With Explanation)

This type of question evaluates analytical and critical thinking skills.

What This Question Is About

This question relates to paramedic health care and requires a structured academic response.

How to Approach This Question

Use appropriate theories and support your answer with clear reasoning.

Key Explanation

This topic involves paramedic health care. A strong answer should include explanation, application, and examples.

Original Question

Paramedic/ Health care Case study Edward Turner is a 78-year-old man who has lived alone for many years following the death of his beloved wife. He has one daughter who is 32-years-old and lives 5 hours away. Edward is supported by good friends and neighbours close by who have taken on many responsibilities to help keep him safe, healthy, and in his own home. Edward is fiercely independent and has learned a lot of new skills since living alone, but in the past year his health has deteriorated; his arthritis and mobility is starting to make home life difficult. Some of his hardship has been reduced by several appliances being installed in his home to help mobilisation around the house. Although this has meant that Edward has had to make compromises in his life, the supports systems have worked well for some months. In the past month he has had three falls in his house causing him only superficial bruises; but, one fall required a trip to his GP for a sizable skin tear to his shin. Sadly, this afternoon, Edwards neighbour arrived to find him on the patio floor with a laceration to the forehead, a swollen left wrist, and chilled to the bone. Edwards neighbour immediately called the ambulance. On arrival at the scene, you find Edward on the patio floor covered with a blanket and his neighbour by his side. He is agitated, and with a firm voice telling his neighbour to “leave me alone…I’ll wait for my daughter to come!”. More neighbours come to see if they can help and talk about what has happened, while Edward appears to become more annoyed and agitated. You say hello to Edward, but he seems to ignore you. His neighbour says: “his hearing aid is not in…I’ll go look for it” 1. Considering the information in above, discuss why Edward may have been reluctant to have someone call the ambulance? 2. Identify and discuss three (3) communication strategies you could use to introduce yourself and develop rapport with Edward. Make sure you consider that he does not have his hearing aid in E.g. use a slow pace in speech – do not use this as a response) 3. Identify two (2) strategies you could use to reduce the external interference (noise) in the immediate environment? 4. Upon arrival at scene, would touching Edward seem appropriate? You must provide a justification for your answer. 5. What are three (3) non-verbal communication techniques can be used to reduce Edwards distress and how would this reduce his distress? 6. Identify and discuss the four (4) common zones of proximity with regard to the personal space and the purpose of each. Zone 1: Intimate (0-45cm), Zone 2: Personal(45-120cm), Zone 3: social (120-360cm), Zone 4: Public (>360cm) 7. Discuss the privacy and confidentiality issues or concerns you need to be aware of specifically related to interactions by and with Edwards neighbours. The Scenario continued: Edward acknowledges your presence, and now has a hearing aid in his left ear. He allows you to examine him. Your assessment uncovers: Pulse = 110, Reg GSC= 15 Orientated to time, place, and person BP = 98/75 PEARL Swollen left wrist with a “dinner fork’ deformity Resp Rate = 24 BGL = 5.1mmol 3cm laceration to left temple – minimal bleeding SaO2= 93% Diaphoretic ECG Rhythm strip = ‘sinus tachycardia’ He complains of a throbbing pain to his left wrist as a 6/10. You further ascertain that Edward has an allergy to iodine, and has not had any major surgery. He is prescribed Non-Steroidal Antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for his arthritis. You apply oxygen at 4L/min by nasal cannula, dress the wound to his head, and immobilize his left wrist and arm. You inform him of your intentions to take him to hospital and he becomes agitated and angry. He tries to stand and says: “I’m fine! I am not going anywhere until my daughter gets here! Has anyone rang my daughter?” He kicks the patio chair and then shouts, “I know my rights! I’m not leaving my house” 1. Identify and explain three (3) de-escalation measures that may assist in reducing Edwards distress. 2. Analyse the following statements and identify why they could be considered judgemental and impact Edwards feelings. a) ‘Living here is too unsafe. We need to take you to the hospital to get you fixed and then you will need to find somewhere else to live.” b) “Your impaired mobility, secondary to your arthritis, will prohibit normal living. You need immediate medical interventions and then professional assessment prior to placement.” c) “I know you’re angry about all of this, but it’s no-one elses fault. We would just like you to get you into hospital to be treated and have you assessed.” d) For this task you are required to re-construct one of the statements above (a-c). Ensure you reflect communication that encompasses and shows empathy, will support Edwards understanding and validate his emotions/feelings. e) Discuss Edwards rights related to not wanting to go to hospital, the issues related to contacting his daughter and discussing Edwards personal information with her. Include in your response the privacy and confidentiality issues related to this situation. The Scenario continued: Edward now sits on a chair and you establish that he has attained the mental capacity and physical stability to wait for his daughter to call back. In the meantime, you take the opportunity to document some patient notes on the patient events. 1. Using the S O A P method of reflective writing, describe your findings. 2. Discuss your role and responsibilities as a paramedic from the above scenario and identify the role and responsibilities of one (1) other health professional or stakeholder that you could seek advice, support or information from (e.g. Medical support/paramedics/client case workers). 3. The standardised history framework provides elements that are important for an accurate and detailed patient history (patient interview). Using Edwards circumstances, create two (2) open ended questions for each element identified below. Your response questions for the sub headings (a – f) below need to specifically reflect ‘open ended’ questions to support the gathering of information. a) Present complaint b) Medication history c) allergies d) Social history e)Mental health f) Further infromation from 3rd party The Scenario continued: You have documented some information on Edwards patient’s history and treatment and he is now in a calm state. Edwards phone rings and his neighbour answers it: “It’s your daughter Emily” he says and hands the phone over. Edward talks to his daughter and tells her that he has broken his arm, however you hear her voice over the phone and it appears to be loud, high pitched and fast. Edward gives you the phone and says: “…here you tell her!” You introduce yourself, but before you can say another word Emily demands: “Why is my father not at the hospital? What’s happening to him?”. You can hear in her voice and phone manner that she is very anxious and concerned about her father’s situation. 1. Describe three (3) verbal communication skills that allow you to introduce yourself and build some rapport with Emily while trying to reduce her anxiety. You must explain why you have picked the specific communication skills and how it will assist reducing Emily’s. 2. Discuss how you could show empathy and build rapport with Emily over the phone in this situation? 3. How might Emily encourage her father to go to hospital? Recommend below three (3) ways you could encourage Emily to help her father. 4. Assume the situation escalates between the pair and becomes quite complex. What can you do to de-escalate and respond in the immediate timeframe effectively for both Edward and Emily that reflects a caring, firm and confident manner. Provide two (2) communication/action responses you could apply and discuss how it will likely assist in the de-escalation of the situation for each. The Scenario continued: Finally, Edward agrees to go to the hospital and you provide handover to the nurse at arrival. Emily asks for the address to the hospital that Edward will be transported to. You state that the hospital is on ‘Crystal’ St, but she has trouble hearing you over the phone and she asks you to spell the street name. 1. Use the NATO alphabet communication System to spell out ‘Crystal St’. 2. Use the IMIST-AMBO mnemonic and identify what each letters represents, providing relevant information related to the scenario for handover. 3. Discuss how you will clarify Edwards understanding of the situation relevant to the information you have been provided (e.g. age, emotional state) 4. Assume Edward does not have a clear understanding of his current health situation; what are two (2) communication changes that could assist to support his understanding, and identify why your changes will assist? The Scenario continued: Later in the day you receive a notification that reveals Emily has made a complaint to the operations manager on the way the situation was managed. The operations manager asks you to write up a report of what had happened. 1. Before writing up an incident report for the Operations Manager responding to the complaint, who might you seek assistance or consult with from the organisation and why would they be of assistance? 2. What resources could you use to support the development of the report and respond to the complaint? You must identify at a minimum two (2) organisational documents relevant to your role and how they will assist in your report response

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