How to Answer What Areas Brain Questions (Complete Guide)
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This question relates to what areas brain and requires a structured academic response.
How to Approach This Question
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Key Explanation
This topic involves what areas brain. A strong answer should include explanation, application, and examples.
Original Question
What are the areas of the brain and their function? Frontal Lobe: Parietal Lobe: Temporal Lobe: Occipital Lobe: Cerebellum: Brain Stem: What are the protection mechanisms of the brain (including blood brain barrier)? Name the meninges and describe where they are: What are the main neurotransmitters and what do they do? (also on Word Doc chart) Acetylcholine: Dopamine: Glutamate: Serotonin: How do the neurons communicate with one another (how is the message sent)? CEREBROVASCULAR CIRCULATION How is the brain supplied with blood? What is the purpose of the Circle of Willis? What is autoregulation, and why is it important? What is the normal intracranial pressure (ICP) of the brain? Remember that the valves of in the cerebrospinal are valve-less and depend on gravity for drainage. It is also a LOW pressure system. What is the Monroe Kellie Doctrine? What is Cushing’s Triad, and how do you know it is happening? The patient may begin to posture prior to herniation what is the difference between Decorticate posturing: Decerebrate posturing: CVA/STROKE Two types of stroke, what are they? Why do they occur? Hemorrhagic: Ischemic: What are the signs and symptoms of a stroke? What is a Transient Ischemic Attack? How does it differ from a CVA? When the cerebral artery is occluded, cerebral perfusion is diminished and oxygen cannot get to the brain. This can lead to reversible and irreversible brain damage -What is the penumbra (is it reversible or irreversible) -What is the core of ischemic region (is it reversible or irreversible) With any type of cerebral edema you worry about brain herniation, what is this? BRAIN What is an epidural hematoma and how does it differ from subdural hematoma? What is a concussion? SPINE What is a dermatome What can you expect to see in the patient with a C2 fracture? T4? L2? Can an axon regrow? What is spinal shock and what do you see? What is autonomic dysreflexia, what causes this? SEIZURE A seizure is a sudden discharge of cerebral neurons that result in an alteration in brain function. There are two types: What are these? -Generalized: -Focal: Remember there are excitatory neurons and inhibitory neurons, when the excitatory ones fire at a higher rate or threshold than the inhibitory ones can manage, seizures result. Eventually the neurons stop firing and the seizure stops. What are the manifestations of a seizure -Aura: -Prodroma: -Tonic/Clonic: -Postictal: What is the complications of a seizure? SPECIFIC DISORDERS Describe each of these; including the neurotransmitter and S/S of the disease: Answer what it is, what neurotransmitter is involved, what are the s/s Multiple Sclerosis: Parkinson’s: Myathenia Gravis: Begins in the upper body and travels down Gullian Barre Syndrome: Begins in the feet and travels up Alzheimers:
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