Post Quiz Assessment Question & Answer Guide (With Explanation)
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Original Question
Lab 25 Post-Lab Quiz Assessment details Assessment question 1. The left AV valve closes slightly before the right AV valve. Which of the following statements correctly explains why? The pressure is greater on the left side. The ventricular walls do not depolarize at the same time, as evidenced by the different waveforms for each ventricle on the ECG. The left AV valve has four cusps, making it easier to close. Assessment question 2. In Activity 25.1, heart sounds, you heard the left AV valve on the left side of the heart, and the right AV valve was clearer on the right side of the heart. But the pulmonary semilunar valve, which is connected to the right ventricle, was more clearly auscultated on the left. Why do you think that may be? (hint: reviewing the heart anatomy may help!) Because the pulmonary semilunar valve is located far into the pulmonary arteries Because the sternum prevents auscultation of the pulmonary valve Because the vessels cross at the midline as they ascend Assessment question 3. On the diagram of pressure changes, each arrow indicates the time of a valve opening or closing. Match each letter to the valve and whether it is opening or closing. Image transcription text Pressure (mmHg) Time Sound: At the moment when you expect to hear the “lub” and the “dub” draw a squiggle over the sound line like this: Image transcription text Letter Valve Aortic valve opens Mitral valve closes Aortic valve closes Mitral valve opens 4. The arteries of young people and athletic individuals tend to be quite elastic, but as we age (and especially in sedentary individuals) elasticity decreases over time. Below are two blood pressure measurements. One is from a 38-year-old athlete, and the other is from a 62-year-old sedentary individual. Which one do you think is from the athlete? 125/85 120/55 Assessment question 5. AV node reentry tachycardia (AVNRT) is a type of arrhythmia which can cause sudden (and potentially fatal) increases in heart rate. AVNRT is caused by miscommunication between the sinoatrial node and the atrioventricular node. In a healthy heart, which of these nodes fires first? Sinoatrial node Atrioventricular node They fire at the same time Assessment question 6. AV node reentry tachycardia (AVNRT) is a type of arrhythmia which can cause sudden (and potentially fatal) increases in heart rate. AVNRT is caused by miscommunication between the sinoatrial node and the atrioventricular node. AVNRT can be cured through a surgical procedure in which the cells causing this miscommunication are burned with a laser. Which type of cells are the target of this procedure? Autorhythmic cells Contractile cells Neither of these types Assessment question 7. Cardiac muscle cells contract as a single unit because the cells share ions for depolarization via _______ cell junctions. tight desmosome gap Assessment question 8. In the ECG of a healthy individual, the _______ wave corresponds to the depolarization of the atria. T Q R S P Assessment question 9. Imagine the cuff of a sphygmomanometer that is occluding (blocking) blood flow through the brachial artery, as occurs during a blood pressure measurement. As the cuff loosens, flow is restored through the artery. In which distal artery is blood flow restored immediately after deflating the cuff? Axillary artery Proximal brachial artery Radial artery Palmar artery Assessment question 10. Why is blood pressure measured in arteries and not veins? Blood is ejected from the heart into arteries, whereas veins receive blood from capillary beds, therefore the pressure generated by the heart can be measured more easily. Arteries have more elastic fibers in their walls and so they expand and contract with the systole and diastole phases more than veins, which have fewer elastic fibers. Arteries have thicker walls and can better withstand the pressure of the sphygmomanometer.
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