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Original Question
Using this prompt- Why might these interventions should be used with the client in the scenario? Support your decision with evidence from the articles. In paragraph form. Prompt: The study explored the implementation of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) interventions, specifically targeting anxiety treatment in youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Two distinct forms of CBT were utilized, alongside a treatment-as-usual (TAU) condition. The first intervention, Standard-of-Practice CBT, leveraged the Coping Cat Program, a traditional CBT approach emphasizing affect recognition, cognitive reappraisal, and in vivo exposure tasks among other techniques, delivered over 16 weekly 60-minute sessions. Parent involvement and homework assignments were integral components of this process. The second intervention was an adaptation of CBT tailored for individuals with ASD, known as the BIACA Program. This version built upon traditional CBT methods by incorporating elements to address social communication challenges and self-regulation, alongside behavior-analytic techniques. Implemented across 16 weekly 90-minute sessions, it spread engagement between children and parents and utilized a modular format to customize treatment. Key strategies included addressing disruptive behavior and integrating children’s special interests into the therapy, with a reinforced emphasis on parent involvement compared to the standard method. Both interventions aligned with evidence-based practices, exploring CBT’s efficacy for treating anxiety in youth with ASD. The adaptations made in the BIACA Program were particularly notable for addressing unique social skill deficits and enhancing parent-therapist collaboration. The interventions took place across three major US metropolitan areas, specifically Los Angeles, Tampa, and Philadelphia, within university settings where therapists delivered the treatments. Ultimately, the study revealed that the adapted CBT approach offered additional benefits over the standard and usual care treatments, particularly in reducing anxiety levels and improving adaptive functioning among participants. These findings highlight the importance of tailoring therapeutic approaches to meet the distinct needs of specific populations, such as youth with ASD. Scenario: Derek is an 8-year old boy who resides with his mother and father. His parents reported a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder, level 1, was given within the past few months. They are seeking guidance on how to best address Derek’s strengths and weaknesses. The following information was provided by his parents. Reported concerns included developmental differences in Derek’s social communication, social interactions, and repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, preferences, and activities as well as concerns with inattentive and hyperactive/impulsive behaviors. Mr. Johnson expressed that Derek often displays a formal, pedantic style of communication, using advanced vocabulary words, and sometimes speaks in monologues, especially in areas of interest. Mr. Johnson also noted Derek experiences some difficulties with back-and-forth conversations, including rapid and pedantic speech and often not giving others time to respond. Mr. Johnson noted that Derek often struggles with maintaining consistent eye contact and using gestures to communicate his needs. In terms of relationships, Derek reportedly did not engage much in imaginative play during his early childhood and currently prefers solitary activities like reading, puzzles, and screen games. Derek reportedly experiences notable discomfort and anxiety in novel situations with unfamiliar people, especially in circumstances with high social and language demands. Derek reportedly often engages in stereotyped, repetitive motor movements and restricted use of objects. For example, Mr. Johnson reported that when Derek is engaged in a play-based routine, he organizes his toys and lines them up on the floor. Mr. Johnson reported he also strongly prefers consistency within the environment and strictly adheres to his daily routines and activities. Derek reportedly becomes easily upset when routines are disrupted and engages in screaming and complaining behaviors. Mr. Johnson noted Derek has specific fixated interests, including the Fibonacci sequence, clocks, ninjas, Nintendo Switch games, and fictional characters from TV series (e.g., Bluey and Paw Patrol). Derek reportedly memorized the entire Mario Odyssey video game script and often recites it. Mr. Johnson explained that Derek exhibits sensory differences, showing both hyper- and hyporeactivity to sensory input. Lastly, he reported that Derek has difficulty focusing and sustaining his attention, regulating his behavioral impulses and emotions, and is often displaying hyperactive behaviors.
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