Multiple Choice Identify Question & Answer Guide (With Explanation)

This type of question evaluates analytical and critical thinking skills.

What This Question Is About

This question relates to multiple choice identify and requires a structured academic response.

How to Approach This Question

Use appropriate theories and support your answer with clear reasoning.

Key Explanation

This topic involves multiple choice identify. A strong answer should include explanation, application, and examples.

Original Question

Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. ____ 1…. Questions & AnswersHealth Science Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. ____ 1…. Question Answered step-by-step Asked by ElderKookaburaPerson1287 Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. ____ 1. Which of the following is NOT a possible side effect of Heparin? a. Xerostomia d. Thrombocytopenia b. Hyperkalemia e. Bleeding c. Osteoporosis ____ 2. Ruth Nader is a 77-year-old female who has just been released from the hospital with atrial fibrillation. She was titrated as an inpatient to a warfarin dose of 4 mg daily. She states that she does not know why she has a heart problem. She has exercised and eaten a healthy diet her entire life. The nursing student instructed Ms. Nader to stop eating anything “green” including salads, which she enjoys. Choose the correct statement: a. She should be instructed to replace the green leafy vegetables with other options, such as cauliflower and cabbage. d. She should continue her regular, healthy diet but will need to keep the amount of vitamin K-containing foods fairly consistent b. She will have to eat more nuts and fruits and eliminate many green vegetables from her daily diet. e. She will not have to follow any specific dietary precautions. c. The nursing student is correct; salads and other green leafy vegetables should be avoided when using warfarin therapy. ____ 3. Adriana Guardia is beginning warfarin therapy. She asks the pharmacist which foods are high in vitamin K. Which of the following foods are high in vitamin K? (Select ALL that apply.) a. Cauliflower c. broccoli and Brussels sprouts b. Canola and soybean oils d. fish and fish oils ____ 4. Low molecular weight heparins have a boxed warning concerning this risk: a. Stevens Johnson syndrome d. Severe bleeding b. Spinal or epidural hematoma formation e. Severe bleeding c. Pancreatitis ____ 5. Rivaroxaban works by the following mechanism of action: a. Vitamin K antagonist d. PAR-1 inhibitor b. Factor Xa inhibitor e. Inhibits antithrombin c. Direct Factor IIa inhibitor ____ 6. A 25-year-old female is receiving warfarin for a DVT. Her counseling should include the following: a. Warfarin is safe in pregnancy (Pregnancy Category A) c. Warfarin may be unsafe in pregnancy (Pregnancy Category C) b. Warfarin may be safe in pregnancy (Pregnancy Category B) d. Warfarin is unsafe in pregnancy and cannot be used (Pregnancy Category X) ____ 7. By what routes of administration can heparin be given? a. Intravenous and buccal administration d. Intravenous, intramuscular and subcutaneous administration b. Intravenous and intramuscular administration e. Intravenous and subcutaneous administration c. Intravenous, intramuscular and oral administration ____ 8. Karla Porter is a 58-year-old female who is usually well-controlled on a warfarin regimen of 5 mg daily. She has been sick for the past week but feels better today. She ate little during her illness. Ms. Porter presents to the anticoagulation clinic to have her INR checked. Her INR is elevated today at 5.8. There is no noticeable bleeding and she is a low bleeding risk. Choose the preferred course of action: a. Hold warfarin x 1 and administer phytonadione 1 to 2.5 mg orally d. Hold warfarin and administer vitamin K 5 mg orally. b. Omit the next few doses, monitor frequently, and resume therapy at a lower dose when the INR is in the therapeutic range. e. Hold warfarin and administer phytonadione 2 mg by IM injection c. Hold warfarin and administer phytonadione 2 mg by SC injection. ____ 9. What would be expected to occur if a patient on warfarin with a stable INR is started on amiodarone? a. The INR would decrease, and the patient may experience bleeding. d. The INR would decrease, and the patient may clot. b. The INR would increase, and the patient may clot. e. The INR would not change. c. The INR would increase, and the patient may experience bleeding. ____ 10. The pharmacist will counsel a patient on the correct self-administration technique for enoxaparin. Which of the following are correct counseling statements? (Select ALL that apply.) a. This medication can cause the patient to bruise and/or bleed more easily. d. Store this medication in the refrigerator until just prior to each use b. Choose an area on the right or left side of the patient’s abdomen, but not within two inches from the belly button. e. It is best to rub the injection site after administration to ensure quick absorption. c. Do not expel the air bubble in the syringe prior to injection. ____ 11. A female patient who is pregnant has been admitted to the hospital with a DVT. The physician will begin heparin therapy. What is the mechanism of action of heparin? a. Heparin potentiates factor V d. Heparin potentiate antithrombin b. Heparin potentiates factor IXa e. Heparin inhibits clotting factors II, VII, IX, & X c. Heparin potentiate factor Xa ____ 12. Select the correct dosing recommendation for dabigatran for a patient with a DVT and a creatinine clearance of 54 mL/min: a. Take a 150 mg capsule twice daily, with food. d. Take a 75 mg capsule twice daily, with or without food. b. Take a 150 mg capsule twice daily, without food. e. Take 150 mg capsule once daily, with food. c. Take a 150 mg capsule twice daily, with or without food. ____ 13. Which of the following is a possible side effect from the long-term use of heparin therapy? a. Gingival hyperplasia d. Hair growth b. Osteoporosis e. Hypokalemia c. GERD ____ 14. In which of the following scenarios are the intravenous direct thrombin inhibitors considered the drugs of choice? a. To provide anticoagulation in patients who have heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT). d. To provide better anticoagulation in ACS patients. b. To provide anticoagulation in patients who had a recent intracranial hemorrhage. e. For patients who are allergic to latex. c. To provide anticoagulation in patients who had heparin-induced hyperkalemia. ____ 15. Which of the following statements regarding warfarin are correct? (Select ALL that apply.) a. The antidote is protamine. d. Warfarin is a vitamin K antagonist. b. Warfarin blocks the activation of clotting factors II, VII, IX, and X. e. Warfarin generally takes 2 days to become therapeutic. c. Patients on warfarin should not eat any vitamin K containing foods. ____ 16. Muhammad Al-Hadeen is a 66-year-old male with hypertension, renal disease and degenerative joint disease. In his younger years, Mr. Al-Hadeen was a football player and has lived with the pain of a hip injury for many years. He enters the hospital for elective hip replacement surgery. His creatinine clearance is 25 mL/min. The physician orders enoxaparin 30 mg SC BID for DVT prophylaxis. Choose the correct statement: a. The dose is correct as ordered. d. The dose should be 45 mg SC daily. b. The dose should be 60 mg SC daily. e. The patient should receive heparin for DVT prophylaxis. c. The dose should be 45 mg SC daily. ____ 17. Which of the following procedures can help reduce medication errors associated with heparin? (Select ALL that apply.) a. Do not use the color of the syringe or packaging to verify the dose. d. Make sure unit nurses prepare the heparin doses. b. Provide in services that review heparin safety, including the lower heparin flush e. Have the pharmacist verify the heparin concentration for the patient’s indication. c. If possible, outsource the preparation of heparin flushes. ____ 18. Patients may use the following non-pharmacological method to reduce the risk of venous thromboembolism: a. Increase their intake of green leafy vegetables. d. Use intermittent pneumatic compression devices. b. Perform several reps of 10 deep squats daily, if the physician approves this type of exercise. e. Consume more olive oil and green tea. c. Consume lots of water ____ 19. Hong Yu is a 58-year-old male with atrial fibrillation. He has been using warfarin for over two years and is normally well-controlled. His cardiologist recently began amiodarone and citalopram therapy with no other medication adjustments. He is admitted to the emergency room with weakness and bleeding gums. The INR is obtained and is 9.5. His hemoglobin is 8.4 g/dL. His pants are stained with blood which is coming from his rectum. Choose the correct course of action: a. Hold warfarin x 1 dose and administer phytonadione 1 to 2.5 mg orally. d. Hold warfarin therapy and give vitamin K 10 mg by slow IV injection along with four-factor prothrombin complex concentrate. b. Omit the next 1-2 doses, monitor frequently, and resume therapy when the INR is in the therapeutic range. e. Hold warfarin therapy and give vitamin K 10 mg by IM injection and fresh frozen plasma. c. Hold warfarin and administer phytonadione 2 mg by SC injection. ____ 20. Michael Gallagher is a 43-year-old male who is usually well-controlled on a warfarin regimen of 7.5 mg five days per week, and 5 mg two days weekly. He presents to the anticoagulation clinic to have his INR checked. He reports that he had an upper respiratory infection and the physician had given him a 10-day course of levofloxacin. He just took his last levofloxacin tablet this morning. His INR is elevated today at 3.5; the target therapeutic INR is 2-3. Choose the preferred course of action: a. Do not use the color of the syringe or packaging to verify the dose. d. Make sure unit nurses prepare the heparin doses. b. Provide in services that review heparin safety, including the lower heparin flush concentrations to the higher treatment doses e. Have the pharmacist verify the heparin concentration for the patient’s indication. c. If possible, outsource the preparation of heparin flushes ____ 21. Michael Gallagher is a 43 year-old male who is usually well-controlled on a warfarin regimen of 7.5 mg five days per week, and 5 mg two days weekly. He presents to the anticoagulation clinic to have his INR checked. He reports that he had an upper respiratory infection and the physician had given him a 10-day course of levofloxacin. He just took his last levofloxacin tablet this morning. His INR is elevated today at 3.5; the target therapeutic INR is 2-3. Choose the preferred course of action: a. Hold the warfarin dose today; resume usual dosing regimen when INR is therapeutic and have the patient monitor for symptoms of bleeding. d. Hold warfarin and administer phytonadione 2 mg by IM injection. Resume warfarin when the INR is therapeutic. b. Hold warfarin and administer phytonadione 5 mg PO x 1 now. Resume warfarin when the INR is therapeutic. e. Hold warfarin and administer phytonadione 2 mg by IV injection. Resume warfarin when the INR is therapeutic. c. Hold warfarin and administer phytonadione 2 mg by SC injection. Resume warfarin when the INR is therapeutic. ____ 22. What is the purpose of using a heparin “lock-flush,” such as HepFlush? a. To provide systemic anticoagulation prophylaxis d. To prevent HIT b. To provide systemic anticoagulation treatment e. To dilute other medications going through the same IV line c. To keep IV lines open ____ 23. Select the correct indication for dabigatran: a. To provide anticoagulation in patients with acute coronary syndrome. d. To provide anticoagulation in patients who had bleeding on heparin b. To reduce the risk of stroke and blood clots in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation. e. To reduce the risk of a secondary stroke in patients who have a subarachnoid hemorrhage. c. To reduce the risk of stroke and blood clots in patients with ventricular ____ 24. A 42 year-old female with a heart condition is presenting to the hospital with a DVT. The medical resident wishes to give her a low molecular weight heparin (LMWH), but the older supervising physician insists on using heparin. What are advantages to the use of LMWHs over heparin? (Select ALL that apply.) a. LMWHs are more efficacious than heparin in treating DVTs. d. LMWHs do not require monitoring in some patients. b. LMWHs are more cost effective than heparin. e. LMWHs have a more consistent anticoagulation response. c. LMWHs are easier to reverse in patients that experience significant bleeding. ____ 25. Select the correct mechanism of action for Lovenox: a. Oral direct thrombin inhibitor d. Inhibits Factor Xa and Factor IIa via antithrombin b. Injectable direct thrombin inhibitor e. Selectively inhibits Factor Xa c. Vitamin K antagonist

******CLICK ORDER NOW BELOW AND OUR WRITERS WILL WRITE AN ANSWER TO THIS ASSIGNMENT OR ANY OTHER ASSIGNMENT, DISCUSSION, ESSAY, HOMEWORK OR QUESTION YOU MAY HAVE. OUR PAPERS ARE PLAGIARISM FREE*******."